CTQ-28 – Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; 28-item version)

The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ; 28-item version), a self-report instrument, assesses child-hood maltreatment in five areas: emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. Subjects rate statements about childhood experiences (before age 18) on five-point Likert-type scales, (“never true” to “very often true”). Most items are phrased in objective terms (e.g., “When…

Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia

The term Kinesiophobia is used to describe patient circumstances characterised by an “excessive, irrational, and debilitating fear of physical movement and activity resulting from a feeling of vulnerability to painful injury or reinjury”. The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) was first developed in 1991 by R. Miller, S. Kopri, and D. Todd. It is a…

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